# 数字计算
关于浮点数的存储和计算,会丢失精度这个事情就不说了, 这块需要去了解计算机是怎么存储浮点数,以及为什么会产生这个精度问题的,我们就讨论一下我们js里面常遇到的问题,以及一些解决办法即可。
比如我们经常做加法遇到, 非常常见的一个问题
0.1 + 0.2 => 0.30000000000000004
我们现在就是要解决如何正确的获取到0.3这个结果即可。 实用为主。具体的办法还真得去好好看看,这个文章就提供2个三方库解决这个问题。
一个是比较轻量级的number-precision
const NP = require('number-precision');
NP.strip(0.09999999999999998); // = 0.1
NP.plus(0.1, 0.2); // = 0.3, not 0.30000000000000004
NP.plus(2.3, 2.4); // = 4.7, not 4.699999999999999
NP.minus(1.0, 0.9); // = 0.1, not 0.09999999999999998
NP.times(3, 0.3); // = 0.9, not 0.8999999999999999
NP.times(0.362, 100); // = 36.2, not 36.199999999999996
NP.divide(1.21, 1.1); // = 1.1, not 1.0999999999999999
NP.round(0.105, 2); // 0.11
保证一般简单的加减乘除没问题。
接下来学习下BigNumber (opens new window),他的API特别多, 我们可以先学会最基础的加减乘除
# 加减乘除幂
const x = BigNumber(0.1);
const y = BigNumber(0.2);
// 加法
console.log(x.plus(y).toString());
console.log(x.plus(y).toNumber());
const z = BigNumber(0.3);
// 减法
console.log(z.minus(0.1).toNumber()); // 0.2
// 乘法
console.log(z.times(y).toNumber()); // 0.06
// 除法
console.log(z.div(y).toNumber()); // 1.5
// 指数
const x1 = new BigNumber(0.7)
console.log(x1.pow(2).toNumber()); // 0.49
# 四舍五入取整操作
rm | value | desc | desc-cn |
---|---|---|---|
ROUND_UP | 0 | Rounds away from zero | 远离0取值, 也就是正数向上取整 负数向下取整 |
ROUND_DOWN | 1 | Rounds towards zero | 趋向0取值, 也就是正数向下取整 负数向上取整 |
ROUND_CEIL | 2 | Rounds towards Infinity | 向上取值 |
ROUND_FLOOR | 3 | Rounds towards -Infinity | 向下取值 |
ROUND_HALF_UP | 4 | Rounds towards nearest neighbour. If equidistant, rounds away from zero | 四舍五入取值, 如果等距就远离0 |
ROUND_HALF_DOWN | 5 | Rounds towards nearest neighbour. If equidistant, rounds towards zero | 四舍五入取值, 如果等距就趋向0 |
ROUND_HALF_EVEN | 6 | Rounds towards nearest neighbour. If equidistant, rounds towards even neighbour | 四舍五入取值, 如果等距就取偶数值 |
ROUND_HALF_CEIL | 7 | Rounds towards nearest neighbour. If equidistant, rounds towards Infinity | 四舍五入取值,向下取值 |
ROUND_HALF_FLOOR | 8 | Rounds towards nearest neighbour. If equidistant, rounds towards -Infinity | 四舍五入取值,向上取值 |
// 四舍五入取整
const BigNumber = require('bignumber.js');
BigNumber.config({ ROUNDING_MODE: 1 });
// ROUNDING_MODE
const x = new BigNumber(123.456);
// BigNumber.ROUND_CEIL 向上取整
console.log(x.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_CEIL).toNumber()); // 124
// BigNumber.ROUND_FLOOR 向下取整
console.log(x.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_FLOOR).toNumber()); // 123
// BigNumber.ROUND_UP 远离0取整, 也就是正数向上取整 负数向下取整
const a1 = BigNumber(10.4);
const a2 = BigNumber(-10.4);
console.log(a1.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_UP).toNumber()); // 11
console.log(a2.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_UP).toNumber()); // -11
// BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN 趋向0取整, 也就是正数向下取整 负数向上取整
const b1 = BigNumber(10.4);
const b2 = BigNumber(-10.4);
console.log(b1.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN).toNumber()); // 10
console.log(b2.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN).toNumber()); // -10
// BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_UP 就近取整, 如果等距就远离0
const c1 = BigNumber(10.3);
const c2 = BigNumber(-10.6);
console.log(c1.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_UP).toNumber()); // 10
console.log(c2.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_UP).toNumber()); // -11
// BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_DOWN 就近取整, 如果等距就趋于0
const d1 = BigNumber(10.3);
const d2 = BigNumber(-10.5);
console.log(d1.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_DOWN).toNumber()); // 10
console.log(d2.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_DOWN).toNumber()); // -10
// BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_EVEN 就近取整, 如果等距就取偶数整
console.log(BigNumber(10.5).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_EVEN).toNumber()); // 10
console.log(BigNumber(-11.5).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_EVEN).toNumber()); // -12
// BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_CEIL 就近取整, 如果等距向上取整
// BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_DOWN 就近取整, 如果等距向下取整
# 其他实用操作
// 绝对值
const v = new BigNumber(-0.8);
console.log(v.abs().toNumber()); // 0.8
// 比较
const v1 = new BigNumber(1);
const v2 = new BigNumber(2);
console.log(v1.comparedTo(v2)); // comparedTo 可以理解为 >=, v1 >= v2, 大于返回1 小于返回-1 等于返回0
// 判断相等
const v3 = BigNumber(0.3);
const v4 = BigNumber(0.3);
console.log(v3.isEqualTo(0.3)); // true
console.log(v3.isEqualTo(v3)); // true
console.log(v3.isEqualTo(v4)); // true
// 判断大于
console.log(BigNumber(0.3).gt(BigNumber(0.2))); // true
console.log(BigNumber(0.2).gt(BigNumber(0.2))); // false
// 大于等于
console.log(BigNumber(0.3).gte(BigNumber(0.2))); // true
console.log(BigNumber(0.2).gte(BigNumber(0.2))); // true
// 小于 小于等于 lt lte
// 开方运算
console.log(Math.sqrt(0.04));
console.log(BigNumber(0.04).sqrt().toNumber()); // 0.2
# 数字显示API
// toExponential 输出指数形式
console.log(BigNumber('1000003131230000').toExponential()); // 1.00000313123e+15
// toString 在一定范围内输出数字形式,超出返回指数形式
console.log(BigNumber('1000003131230000').toString()); //1000003131230000
console.log(BigNumber('100000313123000000000000000').toString()); //1.00000313123e+26
// toFixed 总是输出数字形式
console.log(BigNumber('100000313123000000000000000').toFixed()); // 100000313123000000000000000
// 保留小数位数, HALF
console.log(BigNumber('123.456').toFixed(2, BigNumber.ROUND_FLOOR)); // 123.45
console.log(BigNumber('123.451').toFixed(2, BigNumber.ROUND_CEIL)); // 123.46
console.log(BigNumber('123.451').toFixed(2, BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_DOWN)); // 123.45
console.log(BigNumber('123.455').toFixed(2, BigNumber.ROUND_HALF_UP)); // 123.46
// toFormat 格式化
console.log(BigNumber('100000313123000000000000000').toFormat(3)); // 100,000,313,123,000,000,000,000,000.000
// toNumber
console.log(BigNumber(0.1).plus(0.2).toNumber()); // 数字 0.3, 不是字符串
个人觉得 BigNumber
在处理一般的业务时, 足够使用了。毕竟实用为主么